Nā noi

ʻO ka wai wela a i ʻole ka wai anuanu, ʻōnaehana hoʻomehana, hui ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana wai, nā mea hana kūkulu etc.

Nā Mākeke Hoʻopuka Nui

ʻEulopa, Hikina-ʻEulopa, Rusia, Middle-Asia, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻAmelika Hema a pēlā aku.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana wai i hoʻohui ʻia i nā paipu hoʻomehana no ka hoʻolako ʻana a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka wai ma nā ʻano like ʻole i ka wā hoʻomehana. No laila, ʻo ka puka wai a me ka puka i kapa ʻia ʻo distribution manifold, ka mea maʻamau i ʻōlelo ʻia he manifold.

Nā hiʻohiʻona:
Ma waho aʻe o nā hana a pau o ka manifold maʻamau, ua loaʻa i ka manifold naʻauao nā hana o ka mahana a me ka hōʻike kaomi, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka kahe otometi, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wela a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wela, a me ka hana ana ʻana i ka wela, ka pale ʻana o ka pā hale i loko.
I mea e pale aku ai i ka corrosion, hana ʻia ka manifold me ke keleawe maʻemaʻe kūpaʻa kūʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā mea synthetic. ʻO nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia he keleawe, ke kila kila, ke keleawe nickel, ka nickel alloy, nā plastik wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻili o loko a me waho o ka manifold (me nā mea hoʻohui, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) e maʻemaʻe a ʻaʻohe māwae, ʻōhū, ʻūhā anu, slag, a me ka ʻala like ʻole. E like ke kala o na hookui hoopa'i ili a pa'a ka pa'i a 'a'ole hiki ke ho'opau 'ia.